537 lines
16 KiB
Bash
Executable File
537 lines
16 KiB
Bash
Executable File
#!/bin/bash
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# ICMP/TCP 扫描本网段或指定网段的在线主机，并显示主机名、MAC、厂商与开放端口
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SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
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# shellcheck disable=SC1091
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source "$SCRIPT_DIR/common/help.sh"
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usage() {
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cat <<'EOF'
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用法: scan-ip [端口或网段参数...]
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扫描局域网主机:
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无参数 ICMP 扫描本网段 .1-.254，并尽力显示名称、MAC 和厂商
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检测到多个 IPv4 网卡时会先让你选择扫描源
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--identify 额外通过 mDNS 识别设备（macOS，约增加 3 秒）
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10.0.0 扫描指定网段前缀
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22 扫描本网段 TCP 22 端口
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80,443,8080 扫描多个端口（任一开放即显示）
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22 10.0.0 指定网段 + 端口（顺序不限）
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选项:
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-h, --help 显示此帮助
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依赖: ping；端口模式需要 nc (netcat)。
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名称: macOS 使用系统解析器；Linux 使用 NSS（getent），安装 avahi-utils 时也会查询 mDNS；均会回退反向 DNS。
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MAC: 从同一二层网络的 ARP/邻居表读取；nmap 的 OUI 数据库存在时会离线显示厂商。
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提示: IP 和 hostname 都可能变化或根本不公开；MAC + 厂商通常更适合辨认设备。
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要永久、准确地对应“这台设备是谁”，请在路由器 DHCP 客户端列表中为其设置备注和 DHCP 保留地址。
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EOF
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}
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TIMEOUT=1
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IDENTIFY=0
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ARGS=()
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for arg in "$@"; do
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case "$arg" in
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--identify) IDENTIFY=1 ;;
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*) ARGS+=("$arg") ;;
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esac
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done
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set -- "${ARGS[@]}"
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dotfile_help_requested "${1:-}" && dotfile_show_help
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find_mac_prefix_file() {
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local nmap_bin prefix candidate
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local candidates=(
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/usr/local/share/nmap/nmap-mac-prefixes
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/opt/homebrew/share/nmap/nmap-mac-prefixes
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/usr/share/nmap/nmap-mac-prefixes
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/usr/local/share/nmap-mac-prefixes
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)
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if nmap_bin=$(command -v nmap 2>/dev/null); then
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prefix=$(cd "$(dirname "$nmap_bin")/.." 2>/dev/null && pwd)
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candidates+=("$prefix/share/nmap/nmap-mac-prefixes")
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fi
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for candidate in "${candidates[@]}"; do
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if [ -r "$candidate" ]; then
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printf '%s' "$candidate"
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return
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fi
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done
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}
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MAC_PREFIX_FILE=$(find_mac_prefix_file)
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is_port_spec() {
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[[ "$1" =~ ^[0-9]+$ || "$1" =~ ^[0-9]+-[0-9]+$ || "$1" =~ ^[0-9,]+$ ]]
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}
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is_ip_prefix() {
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[[ "$1" =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){1,3}$ ]]
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}
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PORT_SPEC=""
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PREFIX_ARG=""
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if [ -n "$1" ] && is_ip_prefix "$1"; then
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PREFIX_ARG="$1"
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[ -n "$2" ] && is_port_spec "$2" && PORT_SPEC="$2"
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elif [ -n "$1" ]; then
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is_port_spec "$1" && PORT_SPEC="$1"
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[ -n "$2" ] && is_ip_prefix "$2" && PREFIX_ARG="$2"
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fi
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if [ -n "$1" ] && [ -z "$PORT_SPEC" ] && [ -z "$PREFIX_ARG" ]; then
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echo "错误: 无法识别参数: $1"
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usage
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exit 1
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fi
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list_ipv4_interfaces() {
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if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ] && command -v ifconfig &>/dev/null; then
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ifconfig | awk '
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/^[^[:space:]][^:]*:/ {
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iface=$1
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sub(/:$/, "", iface)
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next
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}
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/^[[:space:]]+inet / {
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ip=$2
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if (iface !~ /^lo/ && ip != "127.0.0.1" && ip !~ /^169\.254\./) {
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print iface "\t" ip
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}
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}
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'
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elif command -v ip &>/dev/null; then
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ip -o -4 addr show up scope global 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '{split($4, address, "/"); print $2 "\t" address[1]}'
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elif command -v ifconfig &>/dev/null; then
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ifconfig | awk '
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/^[^[:space:]][^:]*:/ {
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iface=$1
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sub(/:$/, "", iface)
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next
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}
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/^[[:space:]]+inet / {
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ip=$2
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if (iface !~ /^lo/ && ip != "127.0.0.1" && ip !~ /^169\.254\./) {
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print iface "\t" ip
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}
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}
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'
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else
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return 1
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fi
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}
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select_ipv4_interface() {
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local iface ip choice entry default_iface default_label index
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local candidates=()
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while IFS=$'\t' read -r iface ip; do
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[ -n "$iface" ] && [ -n "$ip" ] || continue
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candidates+=("$iface|$ip")
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done < <(list_ipv4_interfaces)
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if [ ${#candidates[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
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echo "错误: 未能检测到可用的 IPv4 网卡" >&2
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return 1
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fi
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default_iface=""
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if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ] && command -v route &>/dev/null; then
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default_iface=$(route -n get default 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '/^[[:space:]]*interface:/{print $2; exit}')
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elif command -v ip &>/dev/null; then
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default_iface=$(ip route show default 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '{for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i == "dev") {print $(i + 1); exit}}')
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fi
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if [ ${#candidates[@]} -gt 1 ]; then
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echo "检测到多个可用 IPv4 网卡，请选择扫描源:" >&2
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for index in "${!candidates[@]}"; do
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entry=${candidates[$index]}
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iface=${entry%%|*}
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ip=${entry#*|}
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default_label=""
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[ "$iface" = "$default_iface" ] && default_label=" (默认路由)"
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printf ' %d) %s %s%s\n' "$((index + 1))" "$iface" "$ip" "$default_label" >&2
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done
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while :; do
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printf '请选择 [1-%d]: ' "${#candidates[@]}" >&2
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IFS= read -r choice || {
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echo >&2
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echo "错误: 未选择扫描源网卡" >&2
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return 1
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}
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if [[ "$choice" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] \
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&& [ "$choice" -ge 1 ] \
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&& [ "$choice" -le ${#candidates[@]} ]; then
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entry=${candidates[$((choice - 1))]}
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break
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fi
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echo "错误: 请输入 1-${#candidates[@]} 之间的编号" >&2
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done
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else
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entry=${candidates[0]}
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fi
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LOCAL_IFACE=${entry%%|*}
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LOCAL_IP=${entry#*|}
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}
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select_ipv4_interface || exit 1
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if [ -n "$PREFIX_ARG" ]; then
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PREFIX="$PREFIX_ARG"
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else
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PREFIX="${LOCAL_IP%.*}"
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fi
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PORTS=()
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if [ -n "$PORT_SPEC" ]; then
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if [[ "$PORT_SPEC" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]]; then
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PORTS=("$PORT_SPEC")
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elif [[ "$PORT_SPEC" =~ ^[0-9]+-[0-9]+$ ]]; then
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START_PORT=${PORT_SPEC%-*}
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END_PORT=${PORT_SPEC#*-}
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if [ "$START_PORT" -gt "$END_PORT" ]; then
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echo "错误: 起始端口 ($START_PORT) 不能大于结束端口 ($END_PORT)" && exit 1
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fi
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for p in $(seq "$START_PORT" "$END_PORT"); do PORTS+=("$p"); done
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elif [[ "$PORT_SPEC" =~ ^[0-9,]+$ ]]; then
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IFS=',' read -ra PORTS <<<"$PORT_SPEC"
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else
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echo "错误: 无效的端口格式: $PORT_SPEC"
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exit 1
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fi
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fi
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echo "扫描源网卡: ${LOCAL_IFACE} (${LOCAL_IP})"
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echo "本机 IP: ${LOCAL_IP}，扫描网段: ${PREFIX}.1-254"
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if [ ${#PORTS[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
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echo "扫描端口: ${PORTS[*]} (TCP，超时 ${TIMEOUT}s)"
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else
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echo "扫描模式: ICMP (在线检测)"
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fi
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echo "------------------------------------------------------"
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hostname_for_ip() {
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local ip="$1"
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local hostname=""
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# macOS 的系统解析器包含本机 hosts、DNS 和可用的 Bonjour/mDNS 记录。
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if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ] && command -v dscacheutil &>/dev/null; then
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hostname=$(dscacheutil -q host -a ip_address "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk -F': ' '/^name: / {print $2; exit}')
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fi
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# Linux 的 NSS 配置可包含 /etc/hosts、DNS 与 mDNS（例如 libnss-mdns）。
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if [ -z "$hostname" ] && command -v getent &>/dev/null; then
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hostname=$(getent hosts "$ip" 2>/dev/null | awk 'NR == 1 {print $2}')
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fi
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# 未配置 NSS mDNS 时，avahi-utils 仍可直接查询局域网的 .local 名称。
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if [ -z "$hostname" ] && command -v avahi-resolve-address &>/dev/null; then
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if command -v timeout &>/dev/null; then
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hostname=$(timeout 1 avahi-resolve-address -4 "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk -F '\t' 'NR == 1 {print $2}')
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else
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hostname=$(avahi-resolve-address -4 "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk -F '\t' 'NR == 1 {print $2}')
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fi
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fi
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# 没有本地记录时再查询 PTR；限制超时，避免名称解析拖慢扫描。
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if [ -z "$hostname" ] && command -v dig &>/dev/null; then
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# macOS 的 dig 会在 DNS 超时时将 ";; connection timed out" 输出到 stdout。
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# PTR 记录只接受由主机名字符组成的一行，避免将诊断信息显示为主机名。
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hostname=$(dig +time=1 +tries=1 +short -x "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '/^[[:alnum:]_][[:alnum:]_.-]*\.?$/ {print; exit}')
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fi
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# PTR 记录通常以点结尾，显示时去掉以保持紧凑。
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printf '%s' "${hostname%.}"
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}
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normalize_mac() {
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local mac="$1"
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local octet
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local octets=()
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local normalized=()
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IFS=':' read -r -a octets <<<"$mac"
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[ "${#octets[@]}" -eq 6 ] || {
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printf '%s' "$mac"
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return
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}
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for octet in "${octets[@]}"; do
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[[ "$octet" =~ ^[[:xdigit:]]{1,2}$ ]] || {
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printf '%s' "$mac"
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return
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}
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printf -v octet '%02x' "0x$octet"
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normalized+=("$octet")
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done
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(IFS=':'; printf '%s' "${normalized[*]}")
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}
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mac_for_ip() {
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local ip="$1"
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local mac=""
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# 一次 ICMP/TCP 探测后，位于同一二层网络的设备一般会出现在 ARP/邻居表中。
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if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ] && command -v arp &>/dev/null; then
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mac=$(arp -n "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '/ at ([[:xdigit:]]{1,2}:){5}[[:xdigit:]]{1,2}/ {for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i == "at") {print $(i + 1); exit}}')
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elif command -v ip &>/dev/null; then
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mac=$(ip neigh show to "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '/lladdr/ {for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i == "lladdr") {print $(i + 1); exit}}')
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elif command -v arp &>/dev/null; then
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mac=$(arp -n "$ip" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk '/ at ([[:xdigit:]]{1,2}:){5}[[:xdigit:]]{1,2}/ {for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i == "at") {print $(i + 1); exit}}')
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fi
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normalize_mac "$mac"
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}
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mac_vendor_for_mac() {
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local mac="$1"
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local first_octet prefix vendor
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[ -z "$mac" ] && return
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first_octet=${mac%%:*}
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# 本地管理位为 1 的 MAC 常见于 iOS/Android/Windows 的 Wi-Fi 随机地址，不能据此推断厂商。
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if (( (16#$first_octet) & 2 )); then
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return
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fi
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[ -z "$MAC_PREFIX_FILE" ] && return
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prefix=${mac//:/}
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prefix=${prefix:0:6}
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prefix=$(printf '%s' "$prefix" | tr '[:lower:]' '[:upper:]')
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vendor=$(awk -v prefix="$prefix" '$1 == prefix {$1 = ""; sub(/^ /, ""); print; exit}' "$MAC_PREFIX_FILE")
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printf '%s' "$vendor"
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}
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format_host() {
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local ip="$1"
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local hostname mac vendor
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hostname=$(hostname_for_ip "$ip")
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mac=$(mac_for_ip "$ip")
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vendor=$(mac_vendor_for_mac "$mac")
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printf '%s' "$ip"
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if [ "$ip" = "$LOCAL_IP" ]; then
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printf ' (本机)'
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fi
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if [ -n "$hostname" ]; then
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printf ' name=%s' "$hostname"
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fi
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if [ -n "$mac" ]; then
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printf ' mac=%s' "$mac"
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fi
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if [ -n "$vendor" ]; then
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printf ' vendor=%s' "$vendor"
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fi
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}
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RESULT_DIR=$(mktemp -d "${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/scan-ip.XXXXXX")
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MDNS_RESULT_DIR="$RESULT_DIR/mdns"
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mkdir -p "$MDNS_RESULT_DIR"
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trap 'rm -rf "$RESULT_DIR"' EXIT
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show_total() {
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local i total=0
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for i in $(seq 1 254); do
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[ -f "$RESULT_DIR/$i" ] && total=$((total + 1))
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done
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echo "共发现 $total 个 IP"
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}
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show_results() {
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local i file line mdns labels
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for i in $(seq 1 254); do
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[ -f "$RESULT_DIR/$i" ] || continue
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labels=()
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for file in "$MDNS_RESULT_DIR/$i."*; do
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[ -f "$file" ] && labels+=("${file##*.}")
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done
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if [ "${#labels[@]}" -gt 0 ]; then
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mdns=$(IFS=,; printf '%s' "${labels[*]}")
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line=$(cat "$RESULT_DIR/$i")
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if [[ "$line" == *" 在线" ]]; then
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printf '%s mdns=%s 在线\n' "${line% 在线}" "$mdns"
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else
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printf '%s mdns=%s\n' "$line" "$mdns"
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fi
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else
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cat "$RESULT_DIR/$i"
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fi
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done
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}
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capture_dns_sd() {
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local output="$1"
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shift
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local pid
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# dns-sd 持续监听且重定向时会缓冲；script 提供伪终端并立即刷新输出。
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script -qF "$output" dns-sd "$@" >/dev/null 2>&1 &
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pid=$!
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sleep 2
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pkill -TERM -P "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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kill "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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wait "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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}
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resolve_mdns_instance() {
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local type="$1"
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local label="$2"
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local instance="$3"
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local index="$4"
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local output="$RESULT_DIR/mdns-resolve-$index"
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local pid host ip suffix model
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script -qF "$output" dns-sd -L "$instance" "$type" local. >/dev/null 2>&1 &
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pid=$!
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sleep 1
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pkill -TERM -P "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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kill "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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wait "$pid" 2>/dev/null || true
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host=$(tr -d '\r\b' <"$output" \
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| awk '/can be reached at/ {for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i == "at") {print $(i + 1); exit}}')
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host=${host%:*}
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host=${host%.}
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[ -n "$host" ] || return
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model=$(tr -d '\r\b' <"$output" \
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| awk '{for (i = 1; i <= NF; i++) if ($i ~ /^model=/) {sub(/^model=/, "", $i); print $i; exit}}')
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if [ -n "$model" ]; then
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model=${model//\//_}
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label="$label($model)"
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fi
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ip=$(dscacheutil -q host -a name "$host" 2>/dev/null \
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| awk -F': ' '/^ip_address: / && $2 ~ /^[0-9.]+$/ {print $2; exit}')
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case "$ip" in
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"$PREFIX".*)
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suffix=${ip##*.}
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: >"$MDNS_RESULT_DIR/$suffix.$label"
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;;
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esac
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}
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identify_mdns() {
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local type label browse_file instance index=0
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local types=(_airplay._tcp _device-info._tcp _workstation._tcp)
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[ "$IDENTIFY" -eq 1 ] || return
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if [ "$(uname -s)" != "Darwin" ] || ! command -v dns-sd &>/dev/null \
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|| ! command -v script &>/dev/null; then
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echo "提示: 当前系统缺少受支持的 mDNS 查询工具，跳过设备识别" >&2
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return
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fi
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echo "正在通过 mDNS 识别设备..."
|
||
for type in "${types[@]}"; do
|
||
capture_dns_sd "$RESULT_DIR/mdns-${type//_tcp/}" -B "$type" local. &
|
||
done
|
||
wait
|
||
|
||
for type in "${types[@]}"; do
|
||
case "$type" in
|
||
_airplay._tcp)
|
||
label=airplay
|
||
;;
|
||
_device-info._tcp)
|
||
label=device-info
|
||
;;
|
||
*)
|
||
label=workstation
|
||
;;
|
||
esac
|
||
browse_file="$RESULT_DIR/mdns-${type//_tcp/}"
|
||
while IFS= read -r instance; do
|
||
[ -n "$instance" ] || continue
|
||
index=$((index + 1))
|
||
resolve_mdns_instance "$type" "$label" "$instance" "$index" &
|
||
done < <(tr -d '\r\b' <"$browse_file" \
|
||
| awk '$2 == "Add" {for (i = 7; i <= NF; i++) printf "%s%s", (i == 7 ? "" : " "), $i; print ""}')
|
||
done
|
||
wait
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if [ ${#PORTS[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
|
||
if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
|
||
for i in $(seq 1 254); do
|
||
(
|
||
ip="$PREFIX.$i"
|
||
if ping -c 1 -W 1000 -S "$LOCAL_IP" "$ip" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
||
printf '%s 在线\n' "$(format_host "$ip")" >"$RESULT_DIR/$i"
|
||
fi
|
||
) &
|
||
done
|
||
else
|
||
for i in $(seq 1 254); do
|
||
(
|
||
ip="$PREFIX.$i"
|
||
if ping -c 1 -W 1 -I "$LOCAL_IFACE" "$ip" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
||
printf '%s 在线\n' "$(format_host "$ip")" >"$RESULT_DIR/$i"
|
||
fi
|
||
) &
|
||
done
|
||
fi
|
||
wait
|
||
identify_mdns
|
||
show_results
|
||
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
|
||
show_total
|
||
echo "扫描完成"
|
||
exit 0
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
if ! command -v nc &>/dev/null; then
|
||
echo "错误: 找不到 nc (netcat)"
|
||
exit 1
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
NC_OPTS=(-z -w "$TIMEOUT" -s "$LOCAL_IP")
|
||
if [ "$(uname -s)" = "Darwin" ]; then
|
||
NC_OPTS+=(-G "$TIMEOUT")
|
||
fi
|
||
|
||
check_host() {
|
||
local ip="$1"
|
||
local hit=()
|
||
for port in "${PORTS[@]}"; do
|
||
if nc "${NC_OPTS[@]}" "$ip" "$port" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
|
||
hit+=("$port")
|
||
fi
|
||
done
|
||
if [ ${#hit[@]} -gt 0 ]; then
|
||
printf '%s 开放: %s\n' "$(format_host "$ip")" "${hit[*]}" >"$RESULT_DIR/${ip##*.}"
|
||
fi
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
for i in $(seq 1 254); do
|
||
check_host "$PREFIX.$i" &
|
||
done
|
||
wait
|
||
|
||
identify_mdns
|
||
show_results
|
||
echo "------------------------------------------------------"
|
||
show_total
|
||
echo "扫描完成"
|