324 lines
10 KiB
Bash
Executable File
324 lines
10 KiB
Bash
Executable File
#!/bin/bash
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# 交互式设置网卡静态 IPv4 地址或切回 DHCP
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SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
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# shellcheck disable=SC1091
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source "$SCRIPT_DIR/common/help.sh"
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usage() {
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cat <<'EOF'
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用法: ip-switch
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交互选择网络服务/网卡，并设置临时静态 IPv4 地址或切换回 DHCP。
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支持:
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macOS 使用 networksetup 管理网络服务
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Linux 优先使用 NetworkManager (nmcli)；否则使用 ip + DHCP 客户端
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选项:
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-h, --help 显示此帮助
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说明:
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修改网络配置通常需要 sudo。Linux 下通过 nmcli 或 ip 做出的修改仅作用于
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当前连接，不会写入连接配置文件；重新连接后会恢复原配置。
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ip 命令本身不能获取 DHCP 租约；切回 DHCP 时需要 dhclient、udhcpc 或 dhcpcd。
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设置静态地址时，子网掩码默认 255.255.255.0，默认网关按 IP 推导为 x.x.x.1。
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远程 SSH 连接中运行时，修改当前网卡可能会导致连接中断。
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EOF
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}
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dotfile_help_requested "${1:-}" && dotfile_show_help
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set -euo pipefail
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OS="$(uname -s)"
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die() {
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echo "错误: $*" >&2
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exit 1
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}
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is_ipv4() {
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local ip="$1" octet
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[[ "$ip" =~ ^[0-9]{1,3}(\.[0-9]{1,3}){3}$ ]] || return 1
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IFS='.' read -r -a octets <<<"$ip"
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for octet in "${octets[@]}"; do
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((10#$octet <= 255)) || return 1
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done
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}
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netmask_to_prefix() {
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case "$1" in
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255.255.255.255) echo 32 ;;
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255.255.255.254) echo 31 ;;
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255.255.255.252) echo 30 ;;
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255.255.255.248) echo 29 ;;
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255.255.255.240) echo 28 ;;
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255.255.255.224) echo 27 ;;
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255.255.255.192) echo 26 ;;
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255.255.255.128) echo 25 ;;
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255.255.255.0) echo 24 ;;
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255.255.254.0) echo 23 ;;
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255.255.252.0) echo 22 ;;
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255.255.248.0) echo 21 ;;
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255.255.240.0) echo 20 ;;
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255.255.224.0) echo 19 ;;
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255.255.192.0) echo 18 ;;
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255.255.128.0) echo 17 ;;
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255.255.0.0) echo 16 ;;
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255.254.0.0) echo 15 ;;
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255.252.0.0) echo 14 ;;
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255.248.0.0) echo 13 ;;
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255.240.0.0) echo 12 ;;
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255.224.0.0) echo 11 ;;
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255.192.0.0) echo 10 ;;
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255.128.0.0) echo 9 ;;
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255.0.0.0) echo 8 ;;
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254.0.0.0) echo 7 ;;
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252.0.0.0) echo 6 ;;
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248.0.0.0) echo 5 ;;
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240.0.0.0) echo 4 ;;
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224.0.0.0) echo 3 ;;
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192.0.0.0) echo 2 ;;
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128.0.0.0) echo 1 ;;
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0.0.0.0) echo 0 ;;
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*) return 1 ;;
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esac
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}
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confirm() {
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local answer
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read -r -p "确认应用此网络配置？[y/N] " answer
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[[ "$answer" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]]
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}
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select_item() {
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local prompt="$1" item index=1 choice
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shift
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local -a items=("$@")
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echo
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for item in "${items[@]}"; do
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printf ' %d) %s\n' "$index" "$item"
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((index += 1))
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done
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echo " 0) 取消"
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while true; do
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read -r -p "$prompt" choice
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[[ "$choice" == "0" || "$choice" == "q" || "$choice" == "Q" ]] && return 1
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if [[ "$choice" =~ ^[0-9]+$ ]] && ((choice >= 1 && choice <= ${#items[@]})); then
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SELECTED_INDEX=$((choice - 1))
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return 0
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fi
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echo "请输入列表中的编号。"
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done
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}
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prompt_static_config() {
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local default_gateway
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while true; do
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read -r -p "IPv4 地址: " STATIC_IP
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is_ipv4 "$STATIC_IP" && break
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echo "请输入有效的 IPv4 地址。"
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done
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while true; do
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read -r -p "子网掩码 [255.255.255.0]: " STATIC_MASK
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STATIC_MASK="${STATIC_MASK:-255.255.255.0}"
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if STATIC_PREFIX=$(netmask_to_prefix "$STATIC_MASK"); then
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break
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fi
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echo "请输入连续的 IPv4 子网掩码，例如 255.255.255.0。"
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done
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default_gateway="${STATIC_IP%.*}.1"
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while true; do
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read -r -p "默认网关 [$default_gateway]: " STATIC_GATEWAY
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STATIC_GATEWAY="${STATIC_GATEWAY:-$default_gateway}"
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is_ipv4 "$STATIC_GATEWAY" && break
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echo "请输入有效的 IPv4 默认网关。"
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done
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}
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run_macos() {
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local service device current action
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local -a services=() devices=() labels=()
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command -v networksetup >/dev/null || die "找不到 networksetup"
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while IFS=$'\t' read -r service device; do
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[ -n "$service" ] || continue
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services+=("$service")
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devices+=("$device")
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labels+=("$service ($device)")
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done < <(networksetup -listnetworkserviceorder | awk '
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/^\([0-9]+\) / { service = $0; sub(/^\([0-9]+\) \*?/, "", service); next }
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/Hardware Port:.*Device:/ {
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device = $0; sub(/^.*Device: /, "", device); sub(/\).*/, "", device)
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if (service != "") print service "\t" device
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}
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')
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((${#services[@]} > 0)) || die "未发现可配置的网络服务"
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select_item "选择网络服务: " "${labels[@]}" || exit 0
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service="${services[$SELECTED_INDEX]}"
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device="${devices[$SELECTED_INDEX]}"
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current="$(networksetup -getinfo "$service" 2>&1)"
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echo
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echo "当前配置 ($service / $device):"
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echo "$current"
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select_item "选择操作: " "设置静态 IPv4" "切换为 DHCP" || exit 0
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action="$SELECTED_INDEX"
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if ((action == 0)); then
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prompt_static_config
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echo
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printf '将 %s (%s) 设为静态地址: %s / %s，网关: %s\n' \
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"$service" "$device" "$STATIC_IP" "$STATIC_MASK" "$STATIC_GATEWAY"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo networksetup -setmanual "$service" "$STATIC_IP" "$STATIC_MASK" "$STATIC_GATEWAY"
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else
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echo
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echo "将 $service ($device) 切换为 DHCP。"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo networksetup -setdhcp "$service"
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fi
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echo
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echo "已应用。当前配置:"
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networksetup -getinfo "$service"
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}
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run_linux() {
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local device type state action
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local -a devices=() labels=()
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while IFS=: read -r device type state; do
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[ -n "$device" ] || continue
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[ "$type" = "loopback" ] && continue
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devices+=("$device")
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labels+=("$device ($type, $state)")
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done < <(nmcli -t -f DEVICE,TYPE,STATE device status)
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((${#devices[@]} > 0)) || die "未发现可配置的网络接口"
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select_item "选择网络接口: " "${labels[@]}" || exit 0
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device="${devices[$SELECTED_INDEX]}"
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echo
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echo "当前配置 ($device):"
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nmcli device show "$device" | awk '/GENERAL.CONNECTION|IP4\.ADDRESS|IP4\.GATEWAY|IP4\.DNS/ { print }'
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select_item "选择操作: " "设置静态 IPv4" "切换为 DHCP" || exit 0
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action="$SELECTED_INDEX"
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if ((action == 0)); then
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prompt_static_config
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echo
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printf '将 %s 设为静态地址: %s/%s，网关: %s\n' \
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"$device" "$STATIC_IP" "$STATIC_PREFIX" "$STATIC_GATEWAY"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo nmcli device modify "$device" ipv4.method manual \
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ipv4.addresses "$STATIC_IP/$STATIC_PREFIX" ipv4.gateway "$STATIC_GATEWAY"
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else
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echo
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echo "将 $device 切换为 DHCP。"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo nmcli device modify "$device" ipv4.method auto ipv4.addresses "" ipv4.gateway ""
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fi
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echo
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echo "已应用。当前配置:"
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nmcli device show "$device" | awk '/GENERAL.CONNECTION|IP4\.ADDRESS|IP4\.GATEWAY|IP4\.DNS/ { print }'
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}
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linux_dhcp_client() {
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if command -v dhclient >/dev/null; then
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echo dhclient
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elif command -v udhcpc >/dev/null; then
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echo udhcpc
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elif command -v dhcpcd >/dev/null; then
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echo dhcpcd
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fi
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}
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run_linux_ip() {
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local device action dhcp_client
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local -a devices=() labels=()
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command -v ip >/dev/null || die "找不到 ip 命令"
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while IFS= read -r device; do
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[ -n "$device" ] || continue
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devices+=("$device")
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labels+=("$device ($(ip -br link show dev "$device" | awk '{ print $2 }'))")
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done < <(ip -o link show | awk -F': ' '$2 != "lo" { sub(/@.*/, "", $2); print $2 }')
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((${#devices[@]} > 0)) || die "未发现可配置的网络接口"
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select_item "选择网络接口: " "${labels[@]}" || exit 0
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device="${devices[$SELECTED_INDEX]}"
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echo
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echo "当前配置 ($device):"
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ip -br -4 addr show dev "$device"
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ip route show default dev "$device" || true
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select_item "选择操作: " "设置静态 IPv4" "切换为 DHCP" || exit 0
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action="$SELECTED_INDEX"
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if ((action == 0)); then
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prompt_static_config
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echo
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printf '将 %s 设为静态地址: %s/%s，网关: %s\n' \
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"$device" "$STATIC_IP" "$STATIC_PREFIX" "$STATIC_GATEWAY"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo ip link set dev "$device" up
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sudo ip -4 addr flush dev "$device"
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sudo ip -4 addr add "$STATIC_IP/$STATIC_PREFIX" dev "$device"
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sudo ip route replace default via "$STATIC_GATEWAY" dev "$device"
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else
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dhcp_client="$(linux_dhcp_client)"
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[ -n "$dhcp_client" ] || die "切回 DHCP 需要 dhclient、udhcpc 或 dhcpcd；请安装与现有网络管理方式兼容的 DHCP 客户端"
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echo
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echo "将 $device 切换为 DHCP（使用 $dhcp_client）。"
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confirm || { echo "已取消。"; exit 0; }
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sudo ip link set dev "$device" up
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case "$dhcp_client" in
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dhclient)
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sudo dhclient -4 -r "$device" 2>/dev/null || true
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sudo ip -4 addr flush dev "$device"
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sudo ip route flush default dev "$device" 2>/dev/null || true
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sudo dhclient -4 -v "$device"
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;;
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udhcpc)
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sudo ip -4 addr flush dev "$device"
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sudo ip route flush default dev "$device" 2>/dev/null || true
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sudo udhcpc -i "$device" -q -n
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;;
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dhcpcd)
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sudo ip -4 addr flush dev "$device"
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sudo ip route flush default dev "$device" 2>/dev/null || true
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sudo dhcpcd -4 "$device"
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;;
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esac
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fi
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echo
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echo "已应用。当前配置:"
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ip -br -4 addr show dev "$device"
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ip route show default dev "$device" || true
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}
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case "$OS" in
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Darwin) run_macos ;;
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Linux)
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if command -v nmcli >/dev/null && systemctl is-active --quiet NetworkManager 2>/dev/null; then
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run_linux
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else
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run_linux_ip
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fi
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;;
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*) die "不支持的操作系统: $OS" ;;
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esac
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