feat: add ssh-key-only

This commit is contained in:
2026-07-25 20:58:38 +08:00
parent dc58f0c253
commit db8a531b92
3 changed files with 848 additions and 0 deletions
+216
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
#!/bin/bash
# 验证已有公钥后关闭 SSH 密码登录,仅保留公钥认证
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
# shellcheck disable=SC1091
source "$SCRIPT_DIR/common/help.sh"
# shellcheck disable=SC1091
source "$SCRIPT_DIR/common/os-arch.sh"
set -euo pipefail
usage() {
cat <<'EOF'
用法: sudo ssh-key-only [--user <用户名>] [--yes]
在确认目标用户已有 SSH 公钥后,写入 /etc/ssh/sshd_config.d/99-dotfile-key-only.conf:
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no
KbdInteractiveAuthentication no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
选项:
-u, --user <用户名> 要确认公钥的用户;默认使用调用 sudo 前的用户
-y, --yes 跳过交互确认
-h, --help 显示此帮助
示例:
sudo ssh-key-only
sudo ssh-key-only --user deploy
重要说明:
- 仅支持使用 systemd 管理 SSH 服务的 Linux 服务器。
- 脚本不会创建 SSH 密钥;目标用户的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys 中必须已有有效公钥。
- 写入前会校验 sshd 配置,且重载后会再次核对生效设置;失败会恢复原文件。
- 请保持当前 SSH 会话不要退出,另开一个终端验证密钥登录成功后再关闭。
EOF
}
TARGET_USER="${SUDO_USER:-}"
ASSUME_YES=0
while [[ $# -gt 0 ]]; do
case "$1" in
-h|--help)
dotfile_show_help
;;
-u|--user)
[[ $# -ge 2 ]] || { echo "错误: $1 需要用户名" >&2; exit 1; }
TARGET_USER="$2"
shift 2
;;
-y|--yes)
ASSUME_YES=1
shift
;;
*)
echo "错误: 不支持参数: $1" >&2
usage >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
done
die() {
echo "错误: $*" >&2
exit 1
}
find_sshd() {
local candidate
if command -v sshd >/dev/null 2>&1; then
command -v sshd
return
fi
for candidate in /usr/sbin/sshd /usr/local/sbin/sshd; do
[[ -x "$candidate" ]] && { printf '%s\n' "$candidate"; return; }
done
}
user_home() {
local user="$1" home
if command -v getent >/dev/null 2>&1; then
home=$(getent passwd "$user" | awk -F: 'NR == 1 {print $6}')
fi
printf '%s' "${home:-}"
}
setting_value() {
local setting="$1"
printf '%s\n' "$EFFECTIVE_CONFIG" | awk -v key="$setting" '$1 == key {print $2; exit}'
}
check_ssh_path_permissions() {
local path="$1" owner mode
owner=$(stat -c '%U' "$path")
mode=$(stat -c '%a' "$path")
[[ "$owner" == "$TARGET_USER" || "$owner" == "root" ]] || die "$path 的属主为 $owner,应为 $TARGET_USER 或 root"
(( (8#$mode & 022) == 0 )) || die "$path 对组或其他用户可写(权限: $mode),sshd 可能会忽略其中的公钥"
}
config_is_key_only() {
EFFECTIVE_CONFIG=$("$SSHD_BIN" -T -f "$SSHD_CONFIG" 2>/dev/null || true)
[[ "$(setting_value pubkeyauthentication)" == "yes" ]] || return 1
[[ "$(setting_value passwordauthentication)" == "no" ]] || return 1
[[ "$(setting_value kbdinteractiveauthentication)" == "no" ]] || return 1
}
reload_sshd() {
local unit
for unit in ssh sshd; do
if systemctl reload "$unit" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
return 0
fi
done
return 1
}
if [[ $EUID -ne 0 ]]; then
die "请使用 sudo 运行,例如: sudo $0${TARGET_USER:+ --user "$TARGET_USER"}"
fi
[[ "$(get_os)" == "linux" ]] || die "当前仅支持 systemd 管理 SSH 服务的 Linux 服务器"
command -v systemctl >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "未找到 systemctl,无法安全重载 SSH 服务"
[[ -n "$TARGET_USER" ]] || die "无法识别目标用户;请指定 --user <用户名>"
id "$TARGET_USER" >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "用户不存在: $TARGET_USER"
TARGET_HOME=$(user_home "$TARGET_USER")
[[ -n "$TARGET_HOME" && -d "$TARGET_HOME" ]] || die "无法确定用户主目录: $TARGET_USER"
AUTHORIZED_KEYS="$TARGET_HOME/.ssh/authorized_keys"
[[ -r "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS" ]] || die "未找到可读取的公钥文件: $AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
[[ -d "$TARGET_HOME/.ssh" ]] || die "未找到 SSH 配置目录: $TARGET_HOME/.ssh"
check_ssh_path_permissions "$TARGET_HOME"
check_ssh_path_permissions "$TARGET_HOME/.ssh"
check_ssh_path_permissions "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
if ! grep -Eq '^[[:space:]]*(ssh-(rsa|ed25519|dss)|ecdsa-sha2-nistp(256|384|521)|sk-ssh-ed25519@openssh\.com|sk-ecdsa-sha2-nistp256@openssh\.com|[[:alnum:]_-]+-cert-v01@openssh\.com)[[:space:]]+' "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS"; then
die "$AUTHORIZED_KEYS 中未发现有效的 SSH 公钥,已取消以避免锁定访问"
fi
SSHD_BIN=$(find_sshd)
[[ -n "$SSHD_BIN" ]] || die "未找到 sshd"
SSHD_CONFIG=/etc/ssh/sshd_config
[[ -r "$SSHD_CONFIG" ]] || die "无法读取 $SSHD_CONFIG"
if ! grep -Eq '^[[:space:]]*Include[[:space:]].*sshd_config\.d' "$SSHD_CONFIG"; then
die "$SSHD_CONFIG 未包含 sshd_config.d;为避免覆盖现有规则,未作修改"
fi
DROP_IN_DIR=/etc/ssh/sshd_config.d
DROP_IN="$DROP_IN_DIR/99-dotfile-key-only.conf"
mkdir -p "$DROP_IN_DIR"
echo "将为 SSH 启用公钥认证,并关闭密码与交互式认证。"
echo "已确认 $TARGET_USER 的公钥文件: $AUTHORIZED_KEYS"
echo "配置文件: $DROP_IN"
if [[ $ASSUME_YES -ne 1 ]]; then
read -r -p "确认继续?[y/N] " answer
[[ "$answer" =~ ^[Yy]$ ]] || { echo "已取消,未修改配置。"; exit 0; }
fi
STAMP=$(date +%Y%m%d%H%M%S)
BACKUP=""
if [[ -f "$DROP_IN" ]]; then
BACKUP="${DROP_IN}.bak.${STAMP}"
cp -p "$DROP_IN" "$BACKUP"
fi
TMP_FILE=$(mktemp "${DROP_IN}.tmp.XXXXXX")
VALIDATION_ERROR=$(mktemp)
trap 'rm -f "$TMP_FILE" "$VALIDATION_ERROR"' EXIT
cat >"$TMP_FILE" <<'EOF'
# Managed by ~/.dotfile/script/ssh-key-only.sh
PubkeyAuthentication yes
PasswordAuthentication no
KbdInteractiveAuthentication no
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
EOF
install -m 0600 -o root -g root "$TMP_FILE" "$DROP_IN"
restore_drop_in() {
if [[ -n "$BACKUP" ]]; then
cp -p "$BACKUP" "$DROP_IN"
else
rm -f "$DROP_IN"
fi
}
if ! "$SSHD_BIN" -t -f "$SSHD_CONFIG" 2>"$VALIDATION_ERROR"; then
restore_drop_in
echo "sshd 配置校验输出:" >&2
cat "$VALIDATION_ERROR" >&2
die "新配置未通过校验,已恢复原文件"
fi
if ! config_is_key_only; then
restore_drop_in
die "新配置未成为 sshd 的生效设置(可能被更早的配置覆盖),已恢复原文件"
fi
if ! reload_sshd; then
restore_drop_in
die "无法重载 ssh/sshd 服务,已恢复原文件;请检查 systemctl 状态"
fi
if ! config_is_key_only; then
restore_drop_in
reload_sshd || true
die "重载后设置未生效,已恢复原文件并尝试重载旧配置"
fi
echo "已启用仅公钥 SSH 登录。"
[[ -n "$BACKUP" ]] && echo "原配置已备份到: $BACKUP"
echo "请保持当前会话,另开终端确认可通过密钥登录后再退出。"